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Back to NLP Topics The XO Platform uses a multi-engine NLP approach to identify user intent, extract entities, and execute the correct task. Understanding NLP helps you train your VA for accurate intent detection and natural conversations.

NLP Engines

EngineDescription
Fundamental Meaning (FM)Computational linguistics built on ChatScript. Analyzes word meaning, position, conjugation, capitalization, and sentence structure.
Machine Learning (ML)Trains on example utterances; learns and generalizes to recognize similar inputs.
Knowledge Graph (KG)Converts FAQ content into structured conversational responses.
Traits EngineMulti-class classifier identifying characteristics in utterances to refine intent detection.
Small Talk EngineHandles conversational pleasantries to make interactions feel natural.
Ranking and Resolver (R&R)Scores and ranks results from all engines to determine the winning intent.

Conversation Flow

  1. NLP Analysis — User input passes through all NLP engines for intent detection and entity extraction.
  2. Task Execution — The winning intent executes. The conversation engine maintains state (user details, previous intents, context).
    • Preconditions — If required conditions aren’t met, the intent is rejected.
    • Negative patterns — Patterns that prevent incorrect intent matches.
    • Event handling — Welcome messages, sentiment, etc.
  3. Interruption Handling — Manages mid-task intent switches and sentiment-triggered agent transfers.
  4. Response Generation — A response is generated and rendered for the user’s channel.

NLP Preprocessing

Before intent detection, each utterance undergoes:
StepDescription
TokenizationSplits utterance into sentences, then words. Uses TreeBank Tokenizer for English.
toLower()Converts to lowercase. Not applied to German (word meaning changes by case). ML and KG only.
Stop word removalRemoves low-signal words. Language-specific; disabled by default. ML and KG only.
StemmingCuts words to their stem (e.g., “Working” → “work”). Output may not be a valid word.
LemmatizationConverts to base form using a dictionary (e.g., “housing” → “house”).
N-gramsCombines co-occurring words (e.g., “New York City”) for richer context.

Choosing an NLP Engine

ScenarioRecommended Engine
Large corpus per intentML — flexible, auto-learns from examples. Corpus of 200–300 for distinct intents; 1000+ for similar intents.
Query/FAQ-type intents or document-based answersKG — semantic matching for knowledge content.
Idiomatic, command-like sentences, or tolerance for false positivesFM — deterministic, rule-based.

NLP Configuration in the Platform

Go to Automation > Natural Language:
SectionPurpose
TrainingAdd ML utterances, synonyms, concepts, and patterns.
NLU ConfigSet confidence thresholds, engine tuning, and advanced settings.
For engine-specific training and tuning, see: